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Evidence Guide: ICTRFN7182B - Produce a radio link budget

Student: __________________________________________________

Signature: _________________________________________________

Tips for gathering evidence to demonstrate your skills

The important thing to remember when gathering evidence is that the more evidence the better - that is, the more evidence you gather to demonstrate your skills, the more confident an assessor can be that you have learned the skills not just at one point in time, but are continuing to apply and develop those skills (as opposed to just learning for the test!). Furthermore, one piece of evidence that you collect will not usualy demonstrate all the required criteria for a unit of competency, whereas multiple overlapping pieces of evidence will usually do the trick!

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ICTRFN7182B - Produce a radio link budget

What evidence can you provide to prove your understanding of each of the following citeria?

Analyse suitability of radio systems

  1. Analyse the spectral efficiency of functional elements of mobile radio systems for determining optimal frequency utilisation
  2. Analyse the features of radio systems to evaluate the effectiveness of a particular application
  3. Compare the features and specifications of antennas used in radio systems to assist with radio link budget
  4. Report on the suitability of radio systems, including recommendations to improve network performance
Analyse the spectral efficiency of functional elements of mobile radio systems for determining optimal frequency utilisation

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Analyse the features of radio systems to evaluate the effectiveness of a particular application

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compare the features and specifications of antennas used in radio systems to assist with radio link budget

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Report on the suitability of radio systems, including recommendations to improve network performance

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calculate a radio link budget

  1. Calculate path loss using variables in appropriate propagation models for a power link budget
  2. Evaluate the power link budget against allowable power margins specifications
  3. Evaluate modulation types and spectral efficiency
  4. Confirm radio power link budget achieves specified reliability
Calculate path loss using variables in appropriate propagation models for a power link budget

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Evaluate the power link budget against allowable power margins specifications

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Evaluate modulation types and spectral efficiency

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Confirm radio power link budget achieves specified reliability

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Complete evaluation and planning documentations

  1. Complete an evaluation report on performance of radio systems with recommendations on improvements to the system
  2. Document the processes carried out to determine the optimal power link budget for a radio system
Complete an evaluation report on performance of radio systems with recommendations on improvements to the system

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Document the processes carried out to determine the optimal power link budget for a radio system

Completed
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Assessed

Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: _________

Signature: ________________________________________________

Comments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Instructions to Assessors

Evidence Guide

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria, required skills and knowledge, range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package.

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Evidence of the ability to:

analyse the signal degradation characteristics of radio paths and calculate power budgets for various distances and antenna heights versus transmitted power

research the constraints imposed by mobile phone frequency allocations and simulate carrier to interference radiation patterns around a cell site

complete evaluation report on radio system performance and document processes used to determine power link budget.

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment must ensure:

telecommunications operations site

mobile telephony devices and equipment

networked computers and relevant software.

Method of assessment

A range of assessment methods should be used to assess practical skills and knowledge. The following examples are appropriate for this unit:

oral or written questioning to assess required knowledge

review of link budget reports completed by the candidate for different communication scenarios

direct observation of the candidate analysing radio systems and calculating link budgets.

Guidance information for assessment

Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector, workplaces and job role is recommended, for example:

ICTPMG7145B Underatke a telecommunications project

ICTTEN7193B Plan a transmission network.

Aboriginal people and other people from a non-English speaking background may have second language issues.

Access must be provided to appropriate learning and assessment support when required.

Assessment processes and techniques must be culturally appropriate, and appropriate to the oral communication skill level, and language and literacy capacity of the candidate and the work being performed.

In all cases where practical assessment is used it will be combined with targeted questioning to assess required knowledge. Questioning techniques should not require language, literacy and numeracy skills beyond those required in this unit of competency.

Where applicable, physical resources should include equipment modified for people with special needs.

Required Skills and Knowledge

Required skills

analytical skills to review complex information to make judgements

communication skills to work effectively within a group and present information

information technology skills for word processing and desktop research

literacy skills to prepare reports given a specific format

numeracy skills to:

calculate link budgets

gather and record data from measurements

research skills to gather data and information

technical skills to operate test equipment.

Required knowledge

HF, VHF, UHF and microwave receiving techniques

modulation methods:

AM

FM

digital formats

multiplexing systems

operation of transmitters and receivers

organisational policy and procedures

personal safety issues

propagation methods

radio communications systems

radio frequency (RF) losses

RF technologies

workplace and industry environment.

Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Functional elements may include:

code division multiple access (CDMA)

frequency division multiple access (FDMA)

time division multiple access (TDMA)

wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA).

Radio systems may include:

3G

4G

CDMA

GPRS

Global system for mobiles (GSM)

trunked

WCDMA

worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX).

Path loss refers to:

received power to transmitted power ratio and may depend on:

antenna height

atmospheric absorption

distance

rain

reflection coefficient.

Variables may include:

clutter factor

Doppler effect on mobile transmission

frequency

Fresnel distance and absorption

K factor

point-to-multipoint

point-to-point

Raleigh fading and counter measures

reflection coefficient.

Modulation types may include:

FM

AM

orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM)

COFDM

quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK)

16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)

256 QAM.

Specified reliability may include:

drop outs

outage time

power margin

signal fading.